Deciphering Dog Food Labels
Evaluating dog food labels can be a challenging and confusing task for pet owners. These labels provide an important way for pet food manufacturers to communicate nutritional information to consumers. However, food labeling requirements for dog foods vary significantly from those for human food. It is important to understand some of the rules regulating dog […]
Puppy Nutrition: Feeding Large and Giant Breeds
Though every puppy is an individual, large, and giant breed puppies in particular require an individualized approach to nutrition, since they have some different needs compared to small and medium breed dogs. When it comes to puppy food, one size does not necessarily fit all. What are the specific nutritional needs of large and giant […]
Life Skills for Pets: Crate Training and Confinement for Puppies and Dogs
Why should I crate train my puppy or dog? Being able to relax when confined is an important life skill for puppies and dogs. For example, confinement may be necessary in any of the following situations: A crate for a pet is like a crib, travel sleeper, or playpen for a small child. It is […]
Canine Influenza Virus (CIV)
What is it?Canine Influenza Virus (CIV) is a highly contagious respiratory disease of dogs caused by influenza A viruses, most commonly the H3N8 and H3N2 strains. While many cases are mild, CIV can lead to serious respiratory illness, particularly in puppies, senior dogs, or those with underlying health conditions. How is it spread?CIV spreads rapidly […]
Lyme Disease
What is it?Lyme disease is a tick-borne bacterial infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi. It can affect joints, kidneys, and the nervous system. How is it spread?Transmission occurs through: Clinical signs may include: Why vaccination is important:Vaccination, when combined with tick prevention, provides strong protection in endemic areas. Treatment does not always prevent long-term complications, particularly […]
Bordetella bronchiseptica (Kennel Cough)
Bordetella bronchiseptica (Infectious Tracheobronchitis) What is it?Bordetella bronchiseptica is a primary bacterial cause of infectious tracheobronchitis, commonly referred to as kennel cough. It often occurs as part of a multi-agent respiratory complex. How is it spread?Transmission occurs through: Clinical signs may include: Secondary infections may lead to pneumonia, especially in puppies. Why vaccination is important:Vaccination […]
Leptospirosis
What is it?Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease that primarily affects the kidneys and liver. It poses a health risk to both dogs and humans. How is it spread?Dogs are infected through: The bacteria enter through mucous membranes or broken skin. Clinical signs may include: Why vaccination is important:Leptospirosis is common in rural and suburban […]
Rabies Virus
What is it?Rabies is a fatal viral disease of the central nervous system that affects all mammals, including humans. Once clinical signs appear, rabies is invariably fatal. How is it spread?Rabies is transmitted through: Wildlife reservoirs include raccoons, bats, skunks, and foxes. Clinical signs may include: Why vaccination is important:Rabies vaccination is required by New […]
Canine Parvovirus
What is it?Canine Parvovirus is a severe viral gastrointestinal disease that targets rapidly dividing cells, particularly those in the intestinal lining and bone marrow. Puppies between 6 weeks and 6 months of age are most vulnerable. How is it spread?Parvovirus is transmitted through: The virus is extremely resistant and can survive in the environment for […]
Canine Adenovirus (Infectious Canine Hepatitis)
What is it? Canine adenovirus type 1 causes infectious canine hepatitis, a systemic disease affecting the liver, kidneys, eyes, and blood vessels. How is it spread? The virus spreads through contact with infected urine, saliva, or feces. Clinical signs may include: Why vaccination is important: The disease can progress rapidly and cause permanent organ damage. […]